(2019) have demonstrated the strong correlation between measures of personality disorders based on the presence of extreme personality traits and measures based on the presence of problems in the functioning of the personality, such that, although personality traits and personality dysfunction are theoretically distinct constructs, empirically, they are indistinguishable. In addition, in a recent study, Clark et al. However, even in samples of the delinquent or prison population, including Spanish samples, several studies have shown that the instruments that evaluate personality traits related to psychopathy but do not include items that evaluate criminal behavior seem to evaluate the same construct of psychopathy (Pedersen et al., 2010 Flórez et al., 2020). Moreover, it could be questioned whether it is possible to evaluate and identify psychopathy simply from the evaluation and presence of extreme personality traits, without taking into account the evaluation and presence of criminal behaviors or the deterioration caused by such traits in social, work, or other important areas of functioning.
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